Business Concentration in Soybean Exports in the Mercosur Countries (2003–2018).
Keywords:
soybean market, transnational companies, market concentrationAbstract
In recent decades, soybean production has become the main agricultural activity in Mercosur. The objective of this article is to measure the degree of business concentration in soybean exports and the market power of companies between 2003 and 2018 in the Mercosur countries. For concentration analysis, three indicators are used: Herfindahl-Hirschman, Market Share and Concentration Ratio. The results show that soybean exports had a great growth in the period, which depends on a small number of large transnational companies, especially the American ADM, Bunge and Cargill, the French Dreyfus and, more recently, the Chinese COFCO.
Downloads
References
BCR – Bolsa de Comercio de Rosario. (2021). Publicaciones - Informativo Semanal. https://www.bcr.com.ar/es/mercados/investigacion-y-desarrollo/informativo-semanal/noticias-informativo-semanal/ranking-de-1
Carvalho, H. & Aguiar, D. R. D. (2005). Concentração de mercado e poder de monopsônio na indústria brasileira de esmagamento de soja. Revista de Economia e Agronegócio, 3(3), 323-348.
Carvalho, H. (2004). Poder de mercado na indústria brasileira de esmagamento de soja. (Tese de Doutorado). Universidade Federal de Viçosa. https://www.locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/20360
Clapp, J. & Isakson, S. R. (2018). Risky returns: The implications of financialization in the food system. Development and Change, 49(2), 437-460. https://doi.org/10.1111/dech.12376
Costa, N. L. & Santana, A. C. (2014). Estudo da concentração de mercado ao longo da cadeia produtiva da soja no Brasil. Revista de Estudos Sociais, 16(32), 111-135.
Faostat - Divisão de Estatística da Organização das Nações Unidas para Agricultura e Alimentação. (2021) Estatísticas. http://www.fao.org/faostat/en.
Figueredo, S., Guibert, M. & Arbeletche, P. (2019). Ciclo sojero y estrategias de los actores de la producción agropecuaria en el litoral uruguayo. Eutopía - Revista de Desarrollo Económico Territorial, 16, 99-118. https://doi.org/10.17141/eutopia.16.2019.4103
Guerrero, R. A. (2014). Concentración exportadora en el complejo sojero argentino (1996-2010). Revista de Economía y Comercio Internacional, IV(4), 25-44.
Goldfarb, Y. (2015) Expansão da soja e financeirização da agricultura como expressões recentes do regime alimentar corporativo no brasil e na argentina: o exemplo da cargill. Revista Nera, 28, 32-67. https://doi.org/10.47946/rnera.v0i28.3990
Guibert, M. (2018). The South American soybean hub. OCL (Oilseeds, Crops, fats & Lipids), 25(1), d103.
Ioris, A. A. R. (2017). Agribusiness and the neoliberal food system in Brazil: frontiers and fissures of agro-neoliberalism. London: Routledge.
MAGyP - Ministério de Agricultura, Ganadería y Pesca. (2021). Exportaciones. https://www.magyp.gob.ar/sitio/areas/ss_mercados_agropecuarios/exportaciones/.
McMichael, P. (2012). The land grab and corporate food regime restructuring. The Journal of Peasant Studies, 39(3-4), 681-701. https://doi.org/10.1080/03066150.2012.661369
Medina, G. da S. (2021). Economia do agronegócio no Brasil: participação brasileira na cadeia produtiva da soja entre 2015 e 2020. Novos Cadernos NAEA, 24(1), 231-254. http://dx.doi.org/10.5801/ncn.v24i1.8521
Morgan, D., Mazía, F. & Coco, L. F. (1983). Los traficantes de granos. Buenos Aires: Abril.
Murphy, S., Burch, D. & Clapp, J. (2012). Cereal secrets: The world’s largest grain traders and global agriculture. Oxfam International.
Naspleda, F. D. (2021) Las estrategias de las principales empresas agroindustriales de soja en Argentina 1980-2011: los casos de Bunge, Cargill y LDC desde un enfoque internacional. Mundo Agrario, 22(50), e70. https://doi.org/10.24215/15155994e170
Otero, G. (2012). The neoliberal food regime in Latin America: state, agribusiness transnational corporations and biotechnology. Canadian Journal of Development Studies, 33(3), 282-294. https://doi.org/10.1080/02255189.2012.711747
Oyhantçabal, G. & Narbondo, I. (2011). Radiografía del agronegocio sojero: descripción de los principales actores y los impactos socio-económicos en Uruguay. Redes-Amigos de la tierra: Montevideo.
Pierri, J. (2014). Producción y comercio de granos 1980 - 2012. Buenos Aires: Biblios.
Reuters. (2020). Dreyfus e Cofco disputam 3º lugar entre exportadores de soja do Brasil. https://br.reuters.com/article/businessNews/idBRKCN1P91YV-OBRBS;
Santos, W. L. & Wesz Jr., V. J. (2018). Concentração empresarial nas exportações do complexo soja no Paraguai (2000-2016). Desenvolvimento em Debate, 6(1), 9-25.
Sediyama, A. F. et al. (2013). Análise da estrutura, conduta e desempenho da indústria processadora de soja no Brasil no período de 2003 a 2010. Revista de Economia e Sociologia Rural, 51(1), 161-182. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0103-20032013000100009
Staevie, P. M. (2017). Origem, evolução tecnológica e concentração na indústria sul-riograndensede processamento de soja. In XII Congresso Brasileiro de História Econômica & 13ªConferência Internacional de História de Empresas, Niteroi.
Trase. (2021). Supply chains. https://www.trase.earth/?lang=pt_BR.
Uruguay XXI. (2021). Estadistica e comércio. https://www.uruguayxxi.gub.uy/pt/centro-informacao/.
USDA – Departamento de Agricultura dos Estados Unidos. (2021). Data and Statistics. https://ipad.fas.usda.gov/rssiws/al/ssa_cropprod.aspx.
Villagra, L. R. (2009). Actores del agronegocio en Paraguay. Asunción: BASE-IS.
Wesz Jr., V. J. (2011). Dinâmicas e estratégias das agroindústrias de soja no Brasil. Rio de Janeiro: E-papers.
Wesz Jr., V. J. (2016). Strategies and hybrid dynamics of soy transnational companies in the Southern Cone. The Journal of Peasant Studies, 43(2), 286-312. https://doi.org/10.1080/03066150.2015.1129496
Wesz Jr., V. J., Escher, F., & Fares, T. M. (2021). Why and how is China reordering the food regime? The Brazil-China soy-meat complex and COFCO’s global strategy in the Southern Cone. The Journal of Peasant Studies, 1-29. https://doi.org/10.1080/03066150.2021.1986012
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
URN
License
LicenseThose authors who have publications with this journal, accept the following terms:
- Authors will retain their copyright and guarantee the journal the right of first publication of their work, which will be simultaneously subject to the Creative Commons recognition License (BY-SA 2.5) that allows third parties to always share the work that its author and its first publication be indicated in this journal.
- Authors may adopt other non-exclusive license agreements for the distribution of the published version of the work (eg: deposit it in an institutional telematic archive or publish it in a monographic volume) provided that the initial publication in this journal is indicated.






